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Install the LEMP Stack on an Ubuntu VM Using Azure CLI

Overview

This tutorial explains how to install the LEMP stack (Linux, Nginx, MySQL, PHP) on an Ubuntu Virtual Machine (VM).

Step 1: Provision the Virtual Machine

Create a resource group:

az group create --name LempRG --location northeurope

Provision the Ubuntu VM:

az vm create \
  --resource-group LempRG \
  --name LempVM \
  --image Ubuntu2204 \
  --size Standard_B1s \
  --admin-username azureuser \
  --generate-ssh-keys

Open port 80 for HTTP traffic:

az vm open-port --resource-group LempRG --name LempVM --port 80

Retreive the Public IP of the VM:

echo $(az vm show --resource-group LempRG --name LempVM --show-details --query publicIps -o tsv)

Step 2: Install the LEMP Stack

Connect to the VM:
```
ssh azureuser@<VM_Public_IP>
```
Replace <VM_Public_IP> with the public IP of your VM.

Install the LEMP stack:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install nginx -y
sudo apt install mysql-server -y
sudo apt install php-fpm php-mysql -y

Verify all services are running

sudo systemctl status nginx.service 
sudo systemctl status mysql.service 
sudo systemctl status php8.1-fpm.service

Change the PHP version to the one you installed

Configure Nginx to Use PHP

Open or create a configuration file for your site:
```
sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
```

Add the following configuration:

/etc/nginx/sites-available/default

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name _;

    root /var/www/html;
    index index.php index.html index.htm;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock; # Adjust PHP version if necessary
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }
}

Restart Nginx:

sudo systemctl restart nginx

Test PHP with Nginx:
- Create a test PHP file:
```
echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" | sudo tee /var/www/html/info.php
```
- Browse to <VM_Public_IP>/info.php. You should see the PHP information page.

Cleanup (Optional)

To avoid unnecessary costs, delete the resource group and all associated resources:

az group delete --name LempRG --no-wait --yes

TL;DR

provision_vm_lemp.sh

#!/bin/bash

az group create --name LempRG --location northeurope

az vm create \
  --resource-group LempRG \
  --name LempVM \
  --image Ubuntu2204 \
  --size Standard_B1s \
  --admin-username azureuser \
  --generate-ssh-keys \
  --custom-data @cloud_init_lemp.yaml

az vm open-port --resource-group LempRG --name LempVM --port 80

echo $(az vm show --resource-group LempRG --name LempVM --show-details --query publicIps -o tsv)

cloud_init_lemp.yaml

#cloud-config

packages:
  - nginx
  - mysql-server
  - php-fpm
  - php-mysql

write_files:
  - path: /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
    content: |
      server {
        listen 80;
        server_name _;

        root /var/www/html;
        index index.php index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;

        location / {
          try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
        }

        location ~ \.php$ {
          include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
          fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock; # Adjust PHP version if necessary
          fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
          include fastcgi_params;
        }
      }

  - path: /var/www/html/info.php
    content: |
      <?php phpinfo(); ?>
      
runcmd:
  - systemctl restart nginx