## Private and Public Networks - Networks are categorized as **private** or **public** based on their accessibility. - This distinction plays a key role in networking and security design. --- ## What is a Private Network? - The concept of non-routable IP addresses - Often used in organizational or home environments. - Example: **192.168.0.0/16**, **10.0.0.0/8**, **172.16.0.0/12** (RFC 1918 ranges). --- ## What is a Public Network? - Accessible to any device with internet access. - Used for global communication and resource sharing. - Example: Public IPs assigned by ISPs, like **8.8.8.8** (Google DNS). --- ## Key Differences - **Accessibility**: Private networks are restricted (non-routable), public networks are open. - **IP Range**: Private IPs are non-routable on the internet; public IPs are globally unique. - **Security**: Private networks have built-in isolation; public networks require additional security measures. --- ## Use Cases - **Private Networks**: - Home Wi-Fi, corporate LANs, or cloud VNets. - Ideal for internal communications and sensitive data. - **Public Networks**: - Websites, cloud services, or global applications. - Enables internet-wide connectivity. --- ## Practical Considerations - **NAT (Network Address Translation)**: - Translates private IPs to public IPs for internet access. - Common in home and corporate setups. - **VPNs (Virtual Private Networks)**: - Secure communication over public networks. - Extends private networks securely. --- ## Benefits of Private Networks - Enhanced security and control. - Reduced risk of external cyber threats. --- ## Benefits of Public Networks - Unlimited accessibility and reach. - Essential for public-facing services and applications.