## What is Defense in Depth? - A cybersecurity strategy using multiple security layers. - Protects data, systems, and networks. - Ensures no single point of failure. --- ## Key Principles of Defense in Depth 1. **Layered Security** 2. **Redundancy** 3. **Diversity of Controls** 4. **Proactive and Reactive Measures** --- ## Layered Security - Implement multiple, independent security layers. - Each layer addresses different threats. - Enhances overall protection. --- ## Redundancy - Failover mechanisms in place. - Backup systems to maintain security. - Prevents exposure if one layer fails. --- ## Diversity of Controls - Use various defense types: firewalls, encryption, authentication. - Avoid reliance on a single technology. - Reduces vulnerability to specific attacks. --- ## Proactive and Reactive Measures - Combine prevention with detection and response. --- ## The Layers of Defense in Depth 1. Data Layer 2. Application Layer 3. Host Layer 4. Network Layer 5. Perimeter Layer 6. Physical Layer 7. Policies, Procedures, and Awareness Layer --- ## Data Layer - **Key Measures:** - Data encryption (at rest and in transit). - Access controls (RBAC, ABAC). - Backup and recovery solutions. --- ## Application Layer - **Key Measures:** - Secure coding practices. - Input validation to prevent SQL injection and XSS. - Web Application Firewalls (WAFs). - **Advanced Measures:** - Data Loss Prevention (DLP) Systems. --- ## Host Layer - **Key Measures:** - Antivirus and anti-malware tools. - Operating system hardening. - **Advanced Measures:** - File Integrity Monitoring (FIM). - Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) solutions. --- ## Network Layer - **Key Measures:** - Firewalls. - Network segmentation. - Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). - **Advanced Measures:** - Intrusion Detection/Prevention Systems (IDS/IPS). - DNS security (e.g., DNSSEC). --- ## Perimeter Layer - **Key Measures:** - Perimeter firewalls and proxies. - Demilitarized Zones (DMZs) for public-facing services. - **Advanced Measures:** - DDoS mitigation solutions. --- ## Physical Layer - **Key Measures:** - Access controls (keycards, biometrics). - Surveillance systems (CCTV). - Environmental controls (fire suppression). - **Additional Measures:** - Secure hardware disposal processes. --- ## Policies, Procedures, and Awareness Layer - **Key Measures:** - Security awareness training for employees. - Incident response and disaster recovery plans. - Regular audits and compliance checks. - **Additional Measures:** - Defined security policies and governance frameworks. --- ## Conclusion - Defense in Depth offers a holistic IT security approach. - Combines technical, procedural, and human measures. - Enhances resilience against diverse cyber threats.